扩散时间对W在TiAl合金中扩散行为的影响

通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜和硬度测试等分析手段研究了在1250 ℃下扩散保温不同时间对W元素在TiAl合金中扩散行为的影响。结果表明:试样在1250 ℃下进行扩散不同时间后,渗层界面处连接良好,可观察到明显的冶金结合。扩散层厚度随扩散时间的延长而增加,扩散4 h后可得到约15 μm厚的渗层,扩散24 h后可得到约45 μm厚的渗层,此外较长的扩散时间(24 h)可显著改善界面处的裂纹和气孔等缺陷。W在TiAl合金中的扩散机制主要为置换和空位扩散,且W和Ti的原子半径和热膨胀系数等存在差异,使得晶格畸变的出现并进一步阻碍了W元素的扩散。显微硬度试验结果表明W在TiAl合金中进行扩散,可以增强TiAl合金的硬度,且硬度值随W含量的增大而增大。     

掺杂EBS润滑剂的粉末冶金铝合金脱脂工艺研究

文章通过冷压-烧结制备了掺杂EBS润滑剂的粉末冶金铝合金,比较了单/多温段脱脂工艺优劣,发现多温段脱脂优于单温段脱脂,脱脂更彻底,但由于气体流量不能无限大,导致气氛脱脂得到的样品碳含量无法达到碳剩余理论值0.02%。研究了真空脱脂和空气负压脱脂机制,真空脱脂可使得EBS热分解的气态有机物和灰分从压坯表面逸出,并被及时带出炉外,最终合金碳含量接近碳剩余理论值0.02%；空气负压脱脂可使得残余碳被氧化逸出,脱碳更彻底,使样品碳含量低于碳剩余理论值。研究了脱脂工艺对合金力学性能的影响,真空脱脂合金力学性能优于气氛脱脂,相对密度最大为97.86%,拉伸强度最大为218.06MPa,接近未添加润滑剂合金的力学性能；空气负压脱脂虽然可使碳含量更低,但因脱脂过程中样品暴露在空气中,使得原料粉末也被氧化,导致最终的合金力学性能严重下降。     

Tungsten Nitride,Well‐Dispersed on Porous Carbon: Remarkable Catalyst,Produced without Addition of Ammonia,for the Oxidative Desulfurization of Liquid Fuel

Polyanilines (pANIs), loaded with phosphotungstic acid (PTA), are pyrolyzed to get WO₃ or W₂N (≈6 and ≈7 nm, respectively), which is well‐dispersed on pANI‐derived porous carbons (pDCs). Depending on the pyrolysis temperature, WO₃/pDC, W₂N/pDC, or W₂N‐W/pDCs could be obtained selectively. pANI acts as both the precursor of pDC and the nitrogen source for the nitridation of WO₃ into W₂N during the pyrolysis. Importantly, W₂N could be obtained from the pyrolysis without ammonia feeding. The obtained W₂N/pDC is applied as a heterogeneous catalyst for the oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of liquid fuel for the first time, and the results are compared with WO₃/pDC and WO₃/ZrO₂. The W₂N/pDC is very efficient in ODS with remarkable performance compared with WO₃/pDC or WO₃/ZrO₂, which is applied as a representative ODS catalyst. For example, W₂N/pDC shows around 3.4 and 2.7 times of kinetic constant and turnover frequency (based on 5 min of reaction), respectively, compared to that of WO₃/ZrO₂. Moreover, the catalysts could be regenerated in a facile way. Therefore, W₂N/pDC could be produced facilely from pyrolysis (without ammonia feeding) of PTA/pANI, and W₂N, well‐dispersed on pDC, can be suggested as a very efficient oxidation catalyst for the desulfurization of liquid fuel.     

建筑垃圾再生微粉泡沫混凝土性能研究

制备了不同建筑垃圾再生微粉取代率的泡沫混凝土,研究了再生微粉取代率对泡沫混凝土流动度、抗压强度、导热系数、干燥收缩值和吸水率的影响。结果表明,随着再生微粉取代率的增加,泡沫混凝土流动度减小;掺加再生微粉明显降低泡沫混凝土的抗压强度;再生微粉取代率对各密度级泡沫混凝土的导热系数影响不明显;随着再生微粉取代率的增加,各密度级泡沫混凝土的干燥收缩值、吸水率逐渐增大,且其对低密度级泡沫混凝土的吸水率影响更加显著。     

Impact of the SiC addition on the morphological,structural and mechanical properties of Cu-SiC composite powders prepared by high energy milling

The effect of the SiC content on the microstructural, mechanical, and magnetic properties of Cu(1 − x)SiC(x) composite powders (x = 0, 2, 10 and 15 wt%) prepared by high energy milling for 30 h was investigated. The results showed that Cu particles were severely deformed and formed plate like particles of different sizes, while SiC particles were fragmented and embedded in the Cu phase, thus, forming composite particles. As the SiC content increased, the average particle size decreased from 40.75 to 12.84 µm. Besides, XRD data showed a decrease in the crystallite sizes of the Cu phase (from 23.66 to 21.56 nm), accompanied by an increase in the lattice micro-strain (from 0.41 to 0.46%). Changes in the lattice parameters of the Cu phase were observed. The Vickers microhardness were measured in compacted powder samples and reached a maximum value of 135.22 HV for the sample with 15 wt% SiC. The samples showed hysteresis magnetic behavior at 300 K, and with a maximum saturation magnetization of 0.123 emu/g. The weak magnetic signal is mainly due to Co impurities present in the WC from the milling media.     

Influence of ball milling duration on the morphology,features of the structural-phase state and microhardness of 3Ni-Al powder mixture

The features of changes in the morphology, structural-phase state and microhardness of 3Ni-Al powder mixture after different duration of high-energy ball-milling have been studied. Three main stages of the evolution of the structural-phase state were revealed, which, corresponding to different duration of treatment, differ in the morphology of the powder mixture, distribution of components, phase compositions and the nature of changes in microhardness. It was found that under high-energy ball-milling conditions, the synthesis of intermetallic Ni₃Al and NiAl phases begins at much lower temperatures compared to the phase diagram. It is shown that an increase in the duration of high-energy ball-milling is accompanied by a transformation of the phase composition, the features of which determine the level of strengthening of the powder mixture studied.     

In-situ repair of composite palladium membranes with macro defects: A case study

A new method was developed for repairing Pd/Al₂O₃ membranes with macro defects without the need of disassembling the membrane from the module. In order to target and fill the membrane defect automatically with solid particles, a TiO₂ powder was firstly tested by flowing high-pressure nitrogen as a carrier gas, followed by a heat treatment. A filter cake was found on the membrane defect but still porous. A glass powder was selected instead of TiO₂, and the membrane defect was successfully sealed by glazing. The in-situ repair of a waste commercial Pd/Al₂O₃ membrane separator was carried out with the glass powder, and the hydrogen flux and H₂/N₂ selectivity of the membrane separator at 450 °C under 100 kPa reached 12.6 m³m⁻²h⁻¹ and 1600, respectively.